Ann-Helén Laestadius follows up her critically acclaimed novel Stolen with Punished, the second installment in the Sapmitrilogin series. This gripping and emotionally searing narrative delves into the horrifying reality of Sweden’s forced assimilation of the Sámi people, focusing on the experiences of five children torn from their families in the 1950s and their lives thirty years later.
Blending fiction with the devastating truths of history, Laestadius crafts a powerful indictment of colonial violence, cultural erasure, and personal trauma, posing a compelling moral question: If you had the chance to punish the person who hurt you as a child, would you?
Plot Overview: A Past That Refuses to Stay Buried
In the remote regions of Sweden, seven-year-olds Jon-Ante, Else-Maj, Nilsa, Marge, and Anne-Risten are forcibly taken to a government-run nomad school, where speaking their native language is forbidden. At the heart of their suffering is the cruel housemother, Rita, whose abusive tactics leave deep emotional scars. The horrors of the school range from psychological torment to physical violence, shaping the five children into deeply fractured adults.
Three decades later, each character has forged a different path to cope with the past:
Else-Maj finds solace in religion, though her faith cannot erase her childhood wounds.
Anne-Risten (now Anne) has distanced herself from her Sámi identity, struggling with internalized shame.
Nilsa has inherited the rage of his ancestors, continuing the family’s reindeer herding but battling unresolved anger.
Jon-Ante suffers from severe trauma, haunted by what he endured.
Marge, about to adopt a child from Colombia, questions the ethics of removing a child from their homeland, a poignant parallel to her own past.
Their lives take a dramatic turn when Rita resurfaces as an old woman, seemingly unrepentant and feigning ignorance of her past cruelties. This revelation forces them to confront their deepest pains, raising the burning question of justice versus vengeance.
Themes: The Echoes of Colonization and the Fight for Identity
Cultural Genocide and Forced Assimilation
Laestadius does not hold back in exposing Sweden’s historical oppression of the Sámi people. The novel unflinchingly portrays the devastating impact of nomad schools, institutions designed to strip Indigenous children of their identity.
The story draws unsettling parallels to similar practices worldwide, such as the residential schools in Canada and Australia, reinforcing the universality of colonial trauma.
Memory, Trauma, and Healing
Punished by Ann-Helén Laestadius deeply explores the long-lasting effects of childhood abuse, showing how trauma festers when left unaddressed. Each character embodies a different coping mechanism, from anger to self-denial to religious escape, creating a rich psychological landscape that makes their struggles deeply personal yet profoundly universal.
Revenge or Redemption?
A central conflict arises when the characters are forced to reckon with their former tormentor. Should they seek vengeance or closure? The novel refuses to provide easy answers, instead painting a nuanced picture of justice, morality, and the weight of the past.
Character Analysis: Strength in Nuance
Jon-Ante: The Wounded Survivor
Jon-Ante is one of the most heart-wrenching figures in the novel. His unresolved trauma manifests in self-destructive behaviors, highlighting the lifelong impact of childhood abuse. His journey is a testament to the difficulty of healing when scars run too deep.
Else-Maj: Faith as a Double-Edged Sword
Her reliance on religion showcases the duality of faith—a source of solace and a shield against pain. However, it also becomes a crutch, preventing her from truly confronting the injustices of her past.
Anne-Risten: The Burden of Erasure
Perhaps the most tragic character, Anne-Risten (now Anne) embodies the struggle of assimilation at the cost of self-identity. Her rejection of her Sámi roots speaks to the psychological toll of cultural oppression.
Nilsa: A Warrior Trapped in Anger
A fierce protector of Sámi traditions, Nilsa’s deep-seated anger is both his strength and his Achilles’ heel. His internal battle between justice and revenge drives some of the novel’s most gripping moments.
Marge: The Ethical Dilemma of Motherhood
As Marge prepares to adopt a child, she grapples with a moral conflict: Is it right to remove a child from their culture, even if it’s for their betterment? Her storyline echoes the Sámi children’s own forced separation, making her arc particularly poignant.
Writing Style: Unflinching, Poetic, and Profound
Ann-Helén Laestadius’ prose is lyrical yet raw, capturing the harsh beauty of the Arctic landscape while delving deep into her characters’ emotional turmoil. She masterfully shifts between past and present, weaving a multi-layered narrative that forces readers to engage with the psychological weight of each scene.
Her writing is reminiscent of authors like Louise Erdrich and Jesmyn Ward, who also explore themes of Indigenous resilience and generational trauma.
Strengths: A Story That Demands to Be Heard
Authenticity and Historical Depth – The novel is rooted in real-life historical atrocities, making it an essential read for understanding Sweden’s treatment of the Sámi people.
Emotional Impact – The multi-perspective storytelling gives depth to each character, ensuring readers form a deep emotional connection.
Moral Complexity – Instead of delivering a simplistic revenge story, the novel forces readers to question justice, forgiveness, and accountability.
Evocative Setting – The Arctic backdrop mirrors the emotional coldness and isolation of the characters’ trauma, enhancing the narrative’s impact.
Criticisms: Where Punished Falls Short
While Punished by Ann-Helén Laestadius is a powerful and necessary read, it is not without its flaws.
Slow Pacing in the Middle – Some sections linger too long on internal monologues, which slows the narrative momentum.
Rita’s Character Feels Underdeveloped – As the antagonist, Rita’s lack of remorse is chilling, but her motivations remain one-dimensional. A deeper exploration of her psyche could have added more moral complexity.
Anne-Risten’s Arc Feels Rushed – Her struggle with self-identity is compelling, but the resolution feels somewhat abrupt and underexplored.
Final Verdict: A Necessary, Haunting Read
Punished by Ann-Helén Laestadius is a harrowing yet essential novel that demands to be read and remembered. Ann-Helén Laestadius crafts a searing indictment of historical oppression while presenting deeply human, morally complex characters. Though the pacing and character development have minor flaws, the novel’s emotional resonance and historical significance far outweigh its shortcomings.
For readers interested in Indigenous literature, historical fiction, and survivor narratives, Punished stands as a powerful, haunting, and thought-provoking novel that lingers long after the final page.
Recommended Books for Similar Themes:
Stolen by Ann-Helén Laestadius (Book 1 of the Sapmitrilogin series)
The Night Watchman by Louise Erdrich
There There by Tommy Orange
The Nickel Boys by Colson Whitehead
Before We Were Strangers by Brenda Novak
If you seek a novel that both educates and emotionally devastates, Punished by Ann-Helén Laestadius is a must-read.