In Axie Oh’s latest YA fantasy novel, The Floating World, readers are invited into a richly layered universe where light and darkness are not just physical realities but profound metaphors for identity, power, and transformation. Building on the success of her previous works, including the New York Times bestseller The Girl Who Fell Beneath the Sea, Oh delivers a captivating tale inspired by Korean mythology that explores themes of memory, destiny, and the courage to forge one’s own path.
The Floating World presents a dual-world setting with masterful worldbuilding that immediately draws readers in: the perpetually dark Under World below and the luminous Floating World above. Through this inventive framework, Oh crafts a story that feels both intimately personal and epically sweeping in scope.
Worlds in Shadow and Light: Setting and Worldbuilding
Oh’s worldbuilding is nothing short of exquisite. The Under World is a place of perpetual darkness, divided into nine wards with the poorest living in the Outer Ring and the wealthiest in the Core. This stratified society operates under the shadow of the Floating World above, a place of privilege and beauty that quite literally floats over those below. The physical separation between these worlds serves as a perfect metaphor for class division and power dynamics.
What makes the worldbuilding particularly impressive is how lived-in it feels—from the mithril factories with their toxic blue smoke to the teahouses hidden in narrow alleyways, every setting pulses with authentic detail. Oh doesn’t merely describe her worlds; she makes readers experience them through all senses:
“The factory horn blared a warning, smoke unfolding from the great stacks like wings in the night. He raised his scarf, the red threads faded and fraying, higher over his nose.”
The contrast between environments is striking:
The Under World: Perpetual darkness, mithril mines, factory smoke, narrow alleyways
The Floating World: Luminous beauty, palace gardens, plum trees with crimson blossoms
The villages beyond: Reed fields, mountain passes, starlight on water
This rich tapestry of settings provides a dynamic backdrop for the characters’ journeys, with each location revealing new aspects of the world and deepening the reader’s understanding of its complex political and social structures.
Kindred Spirits in a Broken World: Character Development
At the heart of The Floating World are Ren and Sunho, protagonists whose paths converge in unexpected ways. Oh excels at character development, crafting protagonists who evolve organically throughout their journey.
Ren begins as a spirited acrobat with a hidden power and a masked identity. Her journey from troupe performer to celestial maiden is compelling not just because of her magical abilities, but because of her struggle with identity. Does embracing her heritage mean losing herself? Her resistance to destiny feels authentic, and her gradual acceptance of her power comes with nuanced internal conflict.
Sunho is perhaps the more complex character, a young man with fractured memories and a darkness inside him he can barely control. His internal battle between his humanity and what he calls “the Demon” creates genuine tension. As readers, we discover his traumatic past alongside him, making his journey all the more impactful.
The supporting cast is equally well-developed:
Jaeil: The captain whose complicated loyalties and personal connection to Ren create meaningful conflict
Yurhee and Tag: The unlikely allies whose different personalities complement each other
Auntie and Little Uncle: Ren’s adoptive family whose love grounds her throughout her journey
Oh’s strength lies in her ability to create character dynamics that feel authentic and emotionally resonant. The relationships develop organically, particularly the slow-burning romance between Ren and Sunho, which evolves from wariness to trust to something deeper.
A Dance of Light and Shadow: Plot and Pacing
The novel’s structure—divided into four acts that track the protagonists’ physical and emotional journeys—works effectively to build momentum. Oh balances action sequences with quieter, reflective moments, creating a rhythm that keeps readers engaged throughout.
The plot weaves together multiple threads:
Ren’s quest to find a cure for her uncle
Sunho’s search for his missing brother
The political machinations in both worlds
The mystery of the demons and mithril experiments
While the novel’s premise might sound familiar to fantasy readers—a lost princess with magical powers, a warrior with a mysterious past—Oh subverts expectations in refreshing ways. The journey feels both intimate and epic, with personal stakes that matter as much as the fate of worlds.
However, some plot revelations in the third act feel slightly rushed, particularly regarding the scientist’s experiments and the origin of the demons. A bit more development of these elements would have strengthened the overall narrative coherence.
Celestial Prose: Writing Style and Themes
Oh’s prose is luminous and evocative without being overwrought. Her background in Korean history and creative writing is evident in her careful attention to sensory details and emotional authenticity. Particularly effective is her use of folklore within the narrative, most notably “The Woodcutter and the Celestial Maiden,” which parallels and illuminates the main story.
Thematically, the novel explores:
Identity and belonging: Both Ren and Sunho struggle with questions of who they truly are
Memory and trauma: The way past wounds shape present choices
Power and responsibility: The burden of abilities one never asked for
Choice versus destiny: Can one escape predetermined paths?
These themes are woven seamlessly into the narrative, never feeling heavy-handed or didactic. Oh allows her characters to wrestle with complex questions without providing easy answers.
Performances and Transformations: Magic System and Worldbuilding
One of the novel’s greatest strengths is its unique magic system. The concept of mithril—a substance that powers both worlds but has dangerous transformative properties—creates a fascinating foundation for conflict. Ren’s celestial magic, manifesting as silver light, contrasts effectively with the blue-tinged mithril powers that transform humans into demons.
The connection between performance and magic adds another layer of richness. Ren’s background as an acrobat ties directly to her magical abilities, creating a beautiful metaphor for the ways we transform ourselves and others through art and story.
The political systems of both worlds are well-conceived and integrated naturally into the narrative. The tension between the general, the nobles, and the people feels realistic, with no side being purely heroic or villainous.
Minor Flaws in a Shining Work
While The Floating World is an impressive achievement, a few elements could have been strengthened:
The pacing in the third act occasionally feels rushed, particularly in explaining the origin of the demons
Some secondary characters introduced early in the novel fade from the narrative without sufficient resolution
The transformation mechanics, while fascinating, could benefit from slightly more consistent rules
These minor issues do little to detract from the overall reading experience, but represent opportunities for even greater depth in the promised sequel.
Final Thoughts: A World Worth Visiting
The Floating World stands as a testament to Axie Oh’s growth as a storyteller. Fans of her previous works will find the emotional depth and cultural richness they’ve come to expect, while newcomers will discover a fantasy world that feels both fresh and familiar. The novel sits comfortably alongside works by authors like Leigh Bardugo and R.F. Kuang, offering a similar blend of character-driven storytelling within a richly imagined fantasy setting.
Oh’s skillful integration of Korean mythology into a complex fantasy narrative creates something truly special—a story that speaks to universal themes while maintaining cultural specificity. The novel’s exploration of identity, memory, and the courage to forge one’s own path resonates long after the final page.
While satisfying as a standalone story, The Floating World cleverly sets up its sequel without resorting to a frustrating cliffhanger. Readers will finish the novel eager to return to this world of light and shadow, to follow Ren and Sunho’s continuing journey.
For readers seeking a YA fantasy that offers both spectacular worldbuilding and emotional depth, The Floating World shines brightly indeed. Oh has crafted a luminous tale where even in the darkest of places, light—and the courage to wield it—can transform worlds.
A captivating fantasy that illuminates the darkness with its memorable characters, rich worldbuilding, and emotionally resonant storytelling.